Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Then, calculated hydrostatic force and center of pressure on the vertical face of the quadrant can be compared with the experimental results. 192-85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998]. [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. (345 kPa) gage. A tank will be subjected to hydrostatic testing after repairs. The official, published CFR, is updated annually and available below under These devices should be clearly visible to the person controlling the pressure. Werner Slken 2008 - The test pressure ratio = 1.25 for hydrotest and for pneumatic leak test. Hydrostatic pressure is a specific type of pressure. What is the stored energy in 42 NPS pipe, 36 feet length and pressurized to 7.5 psig? {,L This contact form is only for website help or website suggestions. 192-124, 83 FR 58719, Nov. 20, 2018]. During the hydrostatic test, you must maintain this pressure for at least ten minutes. This web site is designed for the current versions of If the fluid is at rest, we call it hydrostatic pressure. 192-93, 68 FR 53901, Sept. 15, 2003; Amdt. Based on standard formulas set forth in ANSI Z 16.1. (b) In a Class 1 or Class 2 location, each compressor station regulator station, and measuring station, must be tested to at least Class 3 location test requirements. (24), except that the value of ST . After the pressure has been released, the vent valves shall be opened. - Pressure tests on the piping . Have you ever wondered what is the pressure level in water compared to the atmospheric pressure? Test requirements for pipelines to operate at a hoop stress less than 30 percent of SMYS and at or above 100 p.s.i. why not 2000000 & 3000000 ? 909 0 obj <>/Encrypt 891 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<4CE15B989B691246B67B596FD798D7F8>]/Index[890 25]/Info 889 0 R/Length 90/Prev 324900/Root 892 0 R/Size 915/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream If you have comments or suggestions on how to improve the www.ecfr.gov website or have questions about using www.ecfr.gov, please choose the 'Website Feedback' button below. To familiarize the workforce with ongoingHydro Testing, Pneumatic Strength Testing, Line Blowing & Filling activities (Pressure Testing) safely All pressure and leak testing must have competed in accordance with the Procedure and Safe Work Method and Formal records of pressure and leak testing are maintained and kept and Work carried out by only qualified and experienced persons. Except for service lines and plastic pipelines, each segment of a pipeline that is to be operated below 100 p.s.i. Note : The choice of high pressure versus low pressure service is at the discretion of the owner (section FK300). `b2k} ,z [V|pU4dr%(Uu$ve,d"[Lv>bJ:?eA_x;xWYnH Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, or Safari. Hydrostatic Test Pressure Calculation (Demo) This tool was developed for test engineers and contractors to plan the pipeline hydrostatic test operation. p = g h I was in OSH field for last 26 year as enforcement inspector of Government. citations and headings SD = Safe distance in meters Test pressure 120 (psi) Diameter = 42.000 (inches) Wall thickness = 0.500 (inches) Exposed length = 400 (feet) . [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. "Published Edition". Promoting, selling, recruiting, coursework and thesis posting is forbidden. Hydrostatic Test. Keep going. will also bring you to search results. The NCNR high pressure activity responsible requests that any pressure equipment or sub-system thereof be submitted to Already a member? 7.1 Hydrostatic Force The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is the official legal print publication containing the codification of the general and permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the departments and agencies of the Federal Government. (a) Spike test requirements. For the Hydro test. Calibrated pressure gauges and Pressure safety valves only shall be used. Thanks a lot, where D Internal diameter (m) (6) Elevation variations, whenever significant for the particular test. (6.9 kPa) gage must be tested to at least 90 p.s.i. where. Event Description: During a hydro test operation of a 32 inch onshore pipeline for gas transportation (not Included in any Sampan scope of work), a section of the pipe burst. Inspectors crawl all over the unit to look for drips. (6.9 kPa) gage must be tested to at least 10 p.s.i. By joining you are opting in to receive e-mail. Post hydro test is also important. Choosing an item from Each particle of a liquid is subjected to a gravitational force directed toward the Earth. For the Hydro test safe distanceSafe distance = (0.15)x(D)x(a)^0.4x(p)^0.6, where D Internal diameter (m)a Length/diameter of the piece (m)p Test pressure (bar), Safe Distance and Stored Energy Calculator for Piping Pneumatic Test. 192-77, 61 FR 27793, June 3, 1996; 61 FR 45905, Aug. 30, 1996; Amdt. For hydrotest the test factor = 1.5. Because the stored energy associated with a pneumatic test is much higher than a hydrostatic test, due to the compressibility of the air used in lieu of water, certain precautions should be taken when . (621 kPa) gage. Overview. A separate drafting site Read on if you want to find out how you can estimate fluid pressure using the hydrostatic pressure equation. ASME Code B 31.3 provides the basis for test pressure. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. %PDF-1.6 % 914 0 obj <>stream p0 - External pressure (usually atmospheric pressure p0 = 1 atm = 1013. . PRESSURE TESTING (Hydro & Pneumatic) SAFETY PROCEDURE, All time free subscription for HSE professionals, SAFETY OFFICER INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ANSWERS, Understanding Tensile Load: What it is and How it Affects Lifting, Tower Crane Safety: Guidelines and Best Practices. If an inspection is required within the hold period, then pressure should be reduced to 80% of the test figure. B31.1 Clause 137.4.5 10 minutes minimum. HYDRO TESTING SAFETY. The dose rate can be calculated from the dose volume fraction, the dose mass fraction, the dose volume ratio, or the dose mass ratio. Calculating the safe distance (R) in accordance with equation below. Now also i am gaining advanced and latest knowledge and techniques from you. 6.0 INSPECTION & QUALITY CONTROL 7.0 WORK SAFETY 1.0 SCOPE AND PURPOSE This work procedure specifies and covers the requirements and extent of hydrostatic strength . Newly manufactured pieces are initially qualified using the hydrostatic test. Enter your email address to JOIN this blog and receive HSE notifications and HSE job by email. Thank you for helping keep Eng-Tips Forums free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff will check this out and take appropriate action. Instrument and control piping may be pressure tested using air, natural gas or inert . RLS HUMAN CARE PLANTING A TREE ON EVERY 17,000 PAGE VISITS. For high pressure pipe select the log equation option. The pneumatic test pressure shall not be less than 1.2 nor more than 1.5 times the design pressure of the piping system. Safe distance = (0.15)x (D)x (a)^0.4x (p)^0.6. distance limit for personnel during the pneumatic test. For high pressure high temperature pipe the design stress should be divided by 1.155. L Minimum Safety Distance, Meter Regulation Y The hoop stress should be less than or equal to 90% of yield. Wear face shields during pneumatic testing. However, the maximum test pressure may not be more than 2.5 times the pressure determined under 192.121 at a temperature not less than the pipe temperature during the test. (689 kPa) gage must be tested in accordance with the following: (a) The pipeline operator must use a test procedure that will ensure discovery of all potentially hazardous leaks in the segment being tested. Already a member? 1431.0302 Hydrostatic Testing. 192-60A, 54 FR 5485, Feb. 3, 1989; Amdt. If you have questions or comments regarding a published document please (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the strength test must be conducted by mai ntaining the pressure at or above the test pressure for at least 8 hours. (a) Each segment of a service line (other than plastic) must be leak tested in accordance with this section before being placed in service. This spike hydrostatic pressure test must be held for at least 15 minutes after the spike test pressure stabilizes. About this app. D - Internal diameter (m) a - Length/diameter of the piece (m) p - Test pressure (bar) Safe Distance and Stored Energy Calculator for Pipelines - Pneumatic Test. Background and more details are available in the Try plus mode using the Plus Mode Demo tools with no login. what is it exactly ?? If feasible, the service line connection to the main must be included in the test; if not feasible, it must be given a leakage test at the operating pressure when placed in service. 192-85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998; Amdt. Calculate ASME B31.3 metal pipe diameter, minimum wall thickness and pressure design thickness from pipe schedule or user defined diameter and wall thickness (ASME B31.3 section 304.1). For piping systems with combined internal and external pressure during operation, the test pressure should be calculated from the internal pressure only. The calculated volume does not include the effect of fluid compression or pipe expansion due to the test pressure. Examine how the principles of DfAM upend many of the long-standing rules around manufacturability - allowing engineers and designers to place a parts function at the center of their design considerations. SWMS) at the workplace. Pneumatic testing and very high-pressure hydro-testing conducted when the main test area is free of personnel. View the most recent official publication: These links go to the official, published CFR, which is updated annually. Blanking devices (spades blinds etc.) This content is from the eCFR and may include recent changes applied to the CFR. Close examination of equipment at above maximum allowable working pressure shall not take place until the pressure has been held for 30 min. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. The code reference given was Norwegian specification T0240|72-12| and in the footer Rules, issue 96-02. conducted as per 32-SAMSS-004 and the original construction code. Since the value of stored energy is 224,057,795 J the safe distance to be maintained as per this section is 60m. [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. No. Hydrostatic testing shall be conducted only in the presence of the Engineer. information or personal data. An interesting fact is that the value of hydrostatic pressure does not depend on the size and shape of the tank but only on the depth. The deeper we are, the more such particles are above us, and the higher the fluid pressure (because the acting force is greater - see our pressure calculator). Surprisingly, the same hydrostatic pressure will be present in the huge pool and thin pipe, provided they have the same height. 192.505 Strength test requirements for steel pipeline to operate at a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS. Persons supervising pressure/leak tests must be trained, competent, and qualified. Dear sir, Hydro testing safe distance formula: For the Hydro test safe distance. Except for service lines and plastic pipelines, each segment of a pipeline that is to be operated at a hoop stress less than 30 percent of SMYS and at or above 100 p.s.i. Pneumatic testing is done at a smaller pressure 1.1 - 1.25 x design pressure out of consideration for the danger. Safe distance = (0.15)x (D)x (a)^0.4x (p)^0.6. - Touch-up and repair painting shall preferably be carried out after hydrostatic testing. Use the Result Table option to display a table of the diameter and diameter tolerance versus either wall thickness type, diameter tolerance type, or diameter type. 192-94, 69 FR 32895, June 14, 2004; Amdt. 4. The hydrostatic test method is the mandated and preferred method of pressure testing. Hydrotest Allowance Calculator. find out the Cause of failure and rectified. Example: Calculate the pressure acting on a diver in the ocean at the depth of 15 m. The density of ocean water is 1022 kg/m and the atmospheric pressure is 101325 Pa. . 192-85, 63 FR 37504, July 13, 1998; 86 FR 2241, Jan. 21, 2021; 86 FR 12836, Mar. See our buoyancy calculator for more information. 832 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<449897BAF408BE4980A97DAF38A963FD>]/Index[810 57]/Info 809 0 R/Length 115/Prev 388665/Root 811 0 R/Size 867/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Test requirements for service lines. For details on the basis of this calculation and example manual calculation refer to the article onPneumatic Testing Safe Distances. Ans: The depth of water column = 1m. F-&9= This ebook covers tips for creating and managing workflows, security best practices and protection of intellectual property, Cloud vs. on-premise software solutions, CAD file management, compliance, and more. Pneumatic testing is inherently more hazardous than a hydrostatic test of the same conditions of volume, pressure, and temperature so appropriate safety precautions are . FAR). 1/1.1 After the pressure has been released, the vent valves shall be opened. (b) Each operator must maintain a record of each test required by 192.509, 192.511, and 192.513 for at least 5 years. The system is tested while assembled or partially assembled, based on the particular system. I do not know the exact circumstances but something went completely wrong. %%EOF Access to the test area must be limited to essential personnel only barriers, warning signs, PA announcements, patrolling the test boundaries. 26, 1996; Amdt. While pressure generally refers to any force applied into an area, hydrostatic pressure refers to the force that is generated on a region because of having a column of fluid at rest above that region. The ASME B16.5 Class 2500 pressure temperature rating for the material group is often used as a criteria. ny.y}gzma,R RTtfn}SF#1dx^2nOyRP4F^`02vA\C1ej&2Je4&$I,Xv=N8H(~)0AoBS{f6'e904?!d\rq?3SZ8Piw!c? Diameter (in) Pipeline Segment Length (ft) Test Pressure (PSI) Testing Allowance (gal/hr) Computed per latest edition ANSI/AWWA C600 Rev 2010. (3) The component carries a pressure rating established through applicable ASME/ANSI, Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc. (MSS) specifications, or by unit strength calculations as described in 192.143. The pipe inside or outside diameter should be the maximum allowed by the code. hbbd``b`>$@AH0] @$R&AqX:Hs$x@bB@PHxy0012se`D"o` pr9 1. (689 kPa) gage. If you work for a Federal agency, use this drafting Formula: D s = 63 x T s. where, D s = Minimum Safety Distance *, 63 = OSHA recommended hand speed constant in inches per second, and. Our hydrostatic pressure calculator uses the below hydrostatic pressure formula: p = g h + p0, where: p - Hydrostatic pressure; - Density of fluid; g - Gravitational acceleration (the average value for the Earth is g = 9.80665 m/s ); h - Depth; and. The test pressure ratio = 1.5 for hydrotest, and pneumatic leak test. Calculate ASME B31.3 gas volume and liquid chemical dose rate for gas leak test. Witnesses reported That the water coming out of the rupture hit a small pile of earth and rocks, projecting the Rocks about 50 meters away at a very high speed. Safe distance calculations shall be performed per. Thanks in advance, Sandeep Kumar safety officer Mo no 9708174394 email Id sandeephse4394@gmail.com. [35 FR 13257, Aug. 19, 1970, as amended by Amdt. This hydrostatic pressure calculator determines the pressure that arises at a certain depth of a liquid. formatting. (a) Except for service lines, each segment of a steel pipeline that is to operate at a hoop stress of 30 percent or more of SMYS must be strength tested in accordance with this section to substantiate the proposed maximum allowable operating pressure. please clarify. 192-120, 80 FR 12779, Mar. a is length / diameter of piece. Barricade the testing area to control unauthorized entry. (276 kPa) gage must be given a leak test at a pressure of not less than 50 p.s.i. The pressuring valve should be locked in a closed position. For B31.1 piping systems the hydrotest pressure is often 1.5 P design to which is added a 75 psi test . Navigate by entering citations or phrases please contact me in hasbi.sinaga@gmail.com Environmental protection and safety requirements. g is the gravitational acceleration and its value on earth is 9.80655 m/s. I must be old. There should be sufficient venting provisions to prevent the testing medium being trapped behind non-return valves, in dead legs or between isolation valves. p = g h = (1000 kg/m 3) (9.81 m/s 2) (1 m) = 9810 Pa Example - Pressure acting in water at depth 3 ft . Comments or questions about document content can not be answered by OFR staff. test, good over-pressure data was collected, but for the second test, the blast wa s much larger and the over-pressures have had to be inferred based on damage to surrounding GCPS 2018 The pressure in the system shall gradually be increased to not more than 1/2 of the test pressure, after which the pressure shall be . The calculation is based on air or nitrogen being used as a test medium with a specific heat ratio of k = 1.4. Displaying title 49, up to date as of 3/02/2023. (689 kPa) gage. Pressure change "proportional" to volume change [P1V1= P2V2], Air filled balloon "pops" large, instantaneous energy release, Pressure changes finite amount by infinitesimal change in volume, Bulk modulus, K = 316,000 psi K = - P / [V / V], Water filled balloon does not "pop" no compressive energy, 4.44 lbf -ft is a small number that can be readily grasped, Typically, sudden energy release comparisons are made to a TNT equivalent 294,815 lb-ft = 0.2 lb TNT, TNT equivalent given as 1 kg TNT* = 4.184 x 106 J [1], or 1 lb TNT* equivalent = 1.4 x 106 lb-ft, *Note that some sources give 1 kg TNT = 4.63 x 106 J. Get approval from the authorized personnel for the test pressure. developer resources. (b) The operator shall insure that the test medium is disposed of in a manner that will minimize damage to the environment. 192.509 Test requirements for pipelines to operate below 100 p.s.i. Hydro test test Area shall be barricaded and provide warning boards to prevent personnel entry. 192-58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. The figure below shows a component of a pipeline, which is launched at a pneumatic pressure test. For hydrotest and component pneumatic tests the test factor = 1.25. Thanks. Title 49 was last amended 2/03/2023. The density of water at 4C = 1000kg/m 3. 866 0 obj <>stream Consideration to be given for the change of ambient temperature, e.g. Place the weight hanger on the end of the balance arm and level the arm, using the counter weight, so that the balance arm is horizontal. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Privacy Policy. In addition to instruments being kept at a safe distance . 1.20 atm or 120.94 kPa as per the Omnicalculator tool hydrostatic pressure calculator. 192.511. *Eng-Tips's functionality depends on members receiving e-mail. where D Internal diameter (m) The pressure test is often regarded as a side-issue, and thus there is less attention to it. (d) During the test, the temperature of thermoplastic material may not be more than 100 F (38 C), or the temperature at which the material's long-term hydrostatic strength has been determined under the listed specification, whichever is greater. What is the pressure acting on the water at a depth of 3ft at 32F? Personally, I have only two incidents experienced during pressure testing. Learn more about the eCFR, its status, and the editorial process. Effective communication should be established. here. Calculate test pressure and hoop stress for low pressure steel pipe (ASME B31.3 section 345). (12,000 lbf-ft) of stored energy. [Amdt. 192.511 Test requirements for service lines. 192.507. The test pressure should be less than or equal to 1.5 x the rated pressure of the lowest rated component in the system. Organization and Purpose For example, if you want more pressure on your bathroom faucet, you could hire people to move your house water tank to an upper level. This content is from the eCFR and is authoritative but unofficial. Apply pressure to the pipeline to bring it to its acceptable test pressure. Calculate low pressure metal pipe SMYS (Specified Minimum Yield Stress), SMTS (Specified Minimum Tensile Stress) and basic allowable stress schedule (ASME B31.3 table A-1). 4.0 PRESSURE TEST 4.1 Preparation for Pressure Test . You can As for me, I can be very brief with my answer.. A safe distance is difficult or impossible to determine in advance. 3. B Leakage usually occurs in joints and seams of the system. The standard hydrostatic test procedure for pipelines entails the following steps: Fill the pipeline with a liquid, mostly water, unless its material is incompatible with water. Position the balance arm on the knife edges and check that the arm swings freely. For pneumatic test the test factor = 1.1. For system pneumatic test, the test factor = 1.1. Dear Mr. Saurabh, 5103, 60101 et. (a) No person may operate a new segment of pipeline, or return to service a segment of pipeline that has been relocated or replaced, until -, (1) It has been tested in accordance with this subpart and 192.619 to substantiate the maximum allowable operating pressure; and. (e) If a component other than pipe is the only item being replaced or added to a pipeline, a strength test after installation is not required, if the manufacturer of the component certifies that: (1) The component was tested to at least the pressure required for the pipeline to which it is being added; (2) The component was manufactured under a quality control system that ensures that each item manufactured is at least equal in strength to a prototype and that the prototype was tested to at least the pressure required for the pipeline to which it is being added; or. For fluids (3.3) it is : l = 0.15 x internal diameter x ( (alpha) ^ 0.4) x ( (test pressure / (cube root of density))^ 0.6. - Other Regulations Relating to Transportation, - Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Department of Transportation, - Transportation of Natural and Other Gas by Pipeline: Minimum Federal Safety Standards, https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-192/subpart-J. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. (689 kPa) gage. (eg: Hydro-static Pressure Calculation for Pressure Vessel: At least, Hydro-static Pressure = 1.3 x Maximum Allowable Working Pressure or MAWP. If an inspection is required within the hold period, then pressure should be reduced to 80% of the test figure. You are using an unsupported browser. Caution tags to identify equipment and lines under test. endstream endobj 891 0 obj <>>>/Filter/Standard/Length 128/O([loK7K\(3B3h)/P -1340/R 4/StmF/StdCF/StrF/StdCF/U(S8PJ 7U )/V 4>> endobj 892 0 obj <>/Metadata 72 0 R/OpenAction 893 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/Pages 885 0 R/StructTreeRoot 145 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 893 0 obj <> endobj 894 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/Properties<>>>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 21/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 895 0 obj <>stream If you search precisely in internet, you can find an excel sheet prepared by someone to calculate the safe distance for both hydrostatic test and pneumatic test based on Lloyd's register (96-02) T-0240. Use the Result Table option to display the stress values for the selected stress schedule (click the Result Table button, and then click the make table button). In a pipe 20 mtr long a pressure gauge (P2) is installed 0.5 mtr before outlet and at other end fluid is pumped in pipe at certain intial pressure P1.A flowmeter is installed in line just before P2. (1) The test must use water as the test medium. For pressure testing of a component that will be used in service, the pressure is usually 1.3 - 1.5 x design pressure, which keeps the material from yielding, but subjects it to more stress that it will see in service. the hierarchy of the document. ;uYi8C[ k]1UR5w!4; Pneumatic test Hydropneumatic test Alternative leak test. a Length/diameter of piece (m) After watching this video you will be able to calculate safe distance for hydro testingwhat is the formula to calculate safe distance during hydro testing.ho. Examine how the principles of DfAM upend many of the long-standing rules around manufacturability - allowing engineers and designers to place a parts function at the center of their design considerations. This subpart prescribes minimum leak-test and strength-test requirements for pipelines. full text search results Guidelines set forth in the AWWA M41 Manual and the ANSI/AWWA C600 Standard are as follows: "Test pressure shall be 1.25 times the operating pressure. GoogleAnalytics. Pressure Testing and Safe Distance calculation. Blanking devices (spades blinds etc.) Using this test helps maintain safety standards and durability of a vessel over time. Over the years, I have conducted hundreds of pressure tests, and I have collected a lot of documentation about this non-destructive test method. Please explain me sir. Steel is A36 with Y = 36000psi and T=58000psi. Step 5: Shut off the nozzle and allow the water flow from the top, and confirm the absence of the air bubble inside the specimen. www.wermac.org uses What is the base of 1000000 ? 192-58, 53 FR 1635, Jan. 21, 1988; Amdt. Appropriate measures to manage the risk of a potential testing failure must be considered. a Length/diameter of piece (m) Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Privacy Policy. Looking forward to reading more of these articles. Operators must notify PHMSA 90 days in advance of the assessment or reassessment requirements of this subchapter. Close this window and log in. Join your peers on the Internet's largest technical engineering professional community.It's easy to join and it's free. Pressure Testing (Hydrostatic / Pneumatic) Safety Guidelines Document: CS-S-9 Revision: 0 Publication Date: September 2012 Page 2 of 7 3.1.2 Provide for and require that signs, barricades or other protective barriers are placed in a manner and at a distance sufficient to demarcate a safe zone to protect personnel and the The minimum safe distance of 30 meters, based on PCC-2 Article 501 Mandatory Appendix 501-III and using the standard . (689 kPa) gage. In this app take input as: Maximum allowable working pressure or. Pressuring equipment shall be provided with suitably calibrated pressure control/regulator devices. Use the workbook ASME B31.3 data tables to look up allowable stress data. endstream endobj startxref All equipment, plant, and devices used for pressure and leak testing are properly rated, adequately calibrated, maintained, and checked. The record must contain at least the following information: (1) The operator's name, the name of the operator's employee responsible for making the test, and the name of any test company used. l = 30; 3.6 x cube root of (volume x ((test pressure + length) - ((test pressure + length) ^ 0.714))). Pressing enter in the search box Reference : ANSI/ASME B31.3 : Process Piping (2018), [FREE] tools are free in basic mode with no login (no plots, tables, goal seek etc).
safe distance calculator for hydrostatic pressure test
safe distance calculator for hydrostatic pressure test
