He would renew His covenant with them (Jeremiah 31:10-38; Ezekiel 36:21-38; Zechariah 1:12, 17; 2:12), including its accompanying blessings (Jeremiah 33:3, 6-26; Ezekiel 36:8-15). The ministry of Amos may therefore have fallen in the years 767-753 B.C. Isaiah lived about 700 years before the birth of Jesus Christ. It is possible that Hebrews 11:37 refers to this event. A Nebuchadnezzar 59 Q WebJeremiah was active as a prophet from the thirteenth year of Josiah, king of Judah (626 BC), until after the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of Solomon's Temple in 587 BC. Isaiah They would gather themselves together and come from far (Isaiah 49:18, 12, 6, 8, 9, 22; Psalms 102:22). However, there is no valid reason why Malachi should not be considered a proper name. A Anathoth 51 Q Who became king of Babylon about the same time as Jeremiah was called by God? Earlier commentators attempted to equate the two men, because of the use of similar expressions in their utterances (Micah 1:2; cf. Which kingdom did Jeremiah preach in? - Answers For example, the judgment that came upon Sodom and Gomorrah, literal cities of the ancient past, is used by Bible writers as descriptive of the judgment God will eventually bring upon all the world. But maybe it wasnt at that spot. As the numbers of Israel increased, they were to enlarge their borders, until their kingdom should embrace the world (cf. The short book of Obadiah, consisting of only 21 verses, is not dated and its chronological setting is uncertain. Daniel 2:35). A study of the Old Testament prophets that consists primarily of lifting selected passages here and there out of their historical context and arbitrarily applying them to our dayas if the prophet spoke exclusively for our benefitis fraught with grave danger. Archaeologists Are Finding the Signatures of God placed His people in Palestine, the crossroads of the ancient world, and provided them with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the face of the earth. Having declined, thus, to surrender themselves to God as His agents for the salvation of the human race, the Jews, as a nation, became agents of Satan for the destruction of the race. With Him there is no variableness, neither shadow of turning (James 1:17). A date, possibly about 630 B.C., but before the Chaldeans had become a power of some importance, would seem most appropriate for the period of Habakkuks prophetic activity. Send them from My presence, and let them go. Who was Isaiah in the Bible He was therefore a somewhat younger contemporary of Isaiah, to whose vocabulary and terminology his prophecies show great similarity (Micah 4:1-4; cf. WebA radical reinterpretation of the biblical prophets by one of America's most provocative critics reveals the eternal beauty of their language and the enduring resonance of their message. The British-Israel movement teaches that the Anglo-Saxon peoples are the literal descendants of the ten so-called lost tribes of the northern kingdom and that the promises will, in large measure, be fulfilled to their modern posterity. Bible Taught It First This situation fits best the time prior to the rise of the Chaldean Empire under Nabopolassar, who began to reign in 626/25 B.C., and who, with the Medes, was responsible for the destruction of Assyria. For a graphic picture of how one nation would have responded to the irresistible appeal radiating from an Israel faithful to God, see Isaiah 19:18-22; cf. Foskey, however, is far from a lock to be selected with one of the 31 first-round selections. The exposition of Scripture attempted by proponents of the British-Israel theory consists of an admixture of selected Bible passages with legend, folk tales, and speculation. Hence, 640 B.C., about midway between the two limits, marked by the destruction of Thebes and the fall of Nineveh, would seem to be a reasonable conjectural date for Nahums prophetic ministry. The Life of Isaiah Its messages show that it was written after the time of the kingdom of Judah, when a governor ruled over the country (chapter 1:8), a fact that points to the Persian period. Isaiah was a prophet for the kingdom of Judah, ca. Furthermore, the fact that the people of Tyre and Sidon do not appear as hostile nations of Judah until the last decades of its history, while they are mentioned by Joel as Judahs enemies, seems also to point to a late date for the prophets ministry. Quiz #6 Flashcards Jeremiah 1:7 But the LORD told me: "Do not say, 'I am only a child.' Revelation 17:13, 14, 17). When the probationary period of 490 years ended, the nation was still obdurate and impenitent, and as a result forfeited its privileged role as His representative on earth. Jeremiah sank into the mud, according to the biblical account. All rights reserved. According to this view, Jeremiah said, in effect, that Jerusalem would be deserted for about 70 years, about the length of a persons life. At the same time, He permitted the heathen nations to walk in their own ways (Acts 14:16), to furnish an example of what man can accomplish apart from Him. In their meticulous attention to the letter of the law they lost sight of its spirit. The Book of Isaiah claims to be written by him, and scholars believe he at least wrote part of it. The prophet Zephaniah traces his genealogy back to an important personage by the name of Hizkiah, probably King Hezekiah (the names are the same in Hebrew) of Judah. Hosea. Isaiah is reminded who the real king is. It ran from the last year Judah's King Uzziah ruled (740 B.C. Chronologically, Isaiah lived during a time just after the northern 10 tribes of Israel were destroyed by the Assyrians. Prophecies of the Restoration (Ezekiel 2548) In Egypt, Jeremiah raised his voice against the idolatries the Jews practiced there (chapters 43; 44). Prophetic Ministry in Jeremiah and Ezekiel At times they had an import, not only for the age in which the prophet lived, but also for a day far future; in other words, they had a dual application. Without this, the people of Israel would not qualify to receive the material blessings God designed to bestow upon them. 19:21; Isaiah 46:10; Acts 5:39; Hebrews 6:17; etc. Jesus own verdict was, The kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and given to a nation bringing forth the fruits thereof (Matthew 21:43; cf. (2 Chron. In the lives of Gods people the truths of His word are to reveal their glory and excellence. Desiring the same blessings for themselves, they would make inquiry as to how they too might acquire these obvious material advantages. The kingdom was overturned (Ezekiel 21:25-32) and the people removed from the land, which had been theirs only by virtue of the covenant relationship (Hosea 9:3, 15, Micah 2:10; cf. They forgot that God abhors a multiplication of the forms of religion (Isaiah 1:11-18; Hosea 6:6; Micah 6:7; Malachi 2:13), and asks of man nothing but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with his God (Micah 6:8; cf. Jeremiah 10 The 9th-century view.The great empires of Assyria and Babylonia do not appear within the horizon of the prophet. Partial compliance on their part with the will of God made possible a partial fulfillment of the covenant promises on Gods part. Then came a pause in his activity of almost two years, at the end of which Zechariah received another divine message, on December 6, 518 (chapter 7:1), recorded in chapters 7 and 8. For illustrations of the reversal of threatened judgment, see Jonah 3:3-10; cf. Jeremiah The Assyrian capital city of Nineveh was captured and destroyed by the combined forces of Media and Babylonia in 612 B.C., which is, accordingly, the latest possible date for Nahum. chapter 11:9, 10). Those who think that chapter 52 was added as an inspired postscript by Jeremiahs secretary or one of his disciples, believe that he died some 20 years earlier, about 580 B.C. Living in a crisis period of his nation, Jeremiah was called to proclaim many messages of reproof and solemn predictions of doom over his people for their disobedience. His work is characterized by skill in the use of language, a well-balanced syntax, and a lively and impressive poetry. Thus. Isaiah What is fascinating is that the prophets Isaiah, Amos, Hosea, and Micah were all contemporaries. Jer 31:35. He had told them that He would progressively diminish their strength and honor as a nation until they should all be carried away into captivity (Deuteronomy 28:15-68; 2 Chronicles 36:16, 17). They eagerly sought the power of His kingdom, but were unwilling to be guided by its principles. 1-39 40-55 56-66. Thus it was with Daniel, a bright example of what man may become, even in this life, if he will make God his strength and wisely improve the opportunities and privileges within his reach (see Daniel 1:8-20). WebThe major prophets are Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, and the other twelve (Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi) are minor. Theoretically, the word minor signifies not lesser moral or religious or literary stature but only lesser length. Foskey, however, is far from a lock to be selected with one of the 31 first-round selections. The Bible contains more information about his life and times than any other prophet. Answer Jeremiah was one of the major prophets of ancient Israel and a key figure in the Old Testament. Isaiah was a prophet of the southern kingdom, living in a critical period of his nation. It was His purpose to set them on high above all nations of the earth (Deuteronomy 28:1), with the result that all people of the earth would recognize their superiority and call them blessed (Malachi 3:10, 12). If Jeremiah had been writing a novel, he would have been the hero of his own story. 3. We should never forget that whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for the learning of future generations to the end of time, to inspire patience, comfort, and hope (Romans 15:4). The prophetess Huldah was a relative and contemporary of Foskey, however, is far from a lock to be selected with one of the 31 first-round selections. Through Israel of old, God planned to provide the nations of earth with a living revelation of His own holy character and an exhibit of the glorious heights to which man can attain by cooperating with His infinite purposes. WebIsaiah's time, Babylonian exile, and return to exile 21 Q Where did Jeremiah live when he was called to be a prophet? How did Jeremiah die 1-39 40-55 56-66. Galatians 5:19-23), and because of this failure to bear the fruit expected of them, forfeited their role in the divine plan (see Romans 11:20). ), those pointing forward to the eternal rest in Canaan (Isaiah 11:6-9; 35; 65:17-25; 66:20-23; Jeremiah 17:25; Ezekiel 37; 40-48; Zechariah 2:6-12; 14:4-11), and those promising deliverance from her enemies (Isaiah 2:10-21; 24-26; Ezekiel 38; 39; Joel 3; Zephaniah 1; 2; Zechariah 9:9-17; 10-14; etc. Who served as Jeremiah's scribe? National greatness. The following simple rules are suggested as a safe approach to the study of each prophetic passage of the Old Testament: 1. But it was not until his 3rd year in captivity, the 2nd year of Nebuchadnezzar, that young Daniel gave the first proofs of his prophetic calling (chapters 1:5, 17; 2:1, 19). Tools. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns of Kings of Judah and Israel It was probably at this time, when Daniel was nearly 90 years of age, that he was commanded to conclude his book and seal it up (chapter 12:4, 13). Ezekiel blames the people for ritual misbehavior. At the time of Isaiahs ministry, Judah was a sinful and unjust nation. Through His people Christ is to manifest His character and the principles of His kingdom. Some believe that the prophet refers to the conquest of Jerusalem at the time of King Jehoram (2 Kings 8:20-22; 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, 17) in the 9th century; others believe that the prophet is speaking of Jerusalems destruction by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 B.C. What archaeological evidence implies Isaiah was a unified book? Having begun his ministry in the time of Uzziah, king of Judah, and Jeroboam II, king of Israel (chapter 1:1), Hosea continued until the time of Hezekiah, king of Judah (chapter 1:1). These are followed by chapters 7, 8, 9, 10. The establishment of the Hebrew monarchy did not affect the basic principles of the theocracy (Deuteronomy 17:14-20; 1 Samuel 8:7). 3. 9:129) This verse first He states that he ministered under King Josiah (chapter 1:1), who reigned from 640 to 609 B.C. Had Israel measured up to the noble ideal, all of the promises contingent upon obedience would long since have been fulfilled. According to tradition, how was Isaiah killed? But the Scriptures record the fact that they disobeyed God and proved disloyal to Him instead. For some time he held a high position in Nebuchadnezzars government (chapter 2:48), and became a trusted counselor of the great king. Hosea was from the Northern Kingdom, Micah and Jeremiah were from the Southern kingdom. Consideration is given to the role of literal Israel as Gods chosen people, to the way His plan for them was to have been accomplished, to the way in which it actually did work out, and to the eventual transfer of the privileges and responsibilities of literal Israel to spiritual Israel, that is, to the Christian church. Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited other than the following: You may print or download to a local hard disk extracts for your personal use only. Eventually, however, it became apparent that the Jews would never measure up to the standard God required of them, as Malachi makes evident (chapters 1:6, 12; 2:2, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 17; 3:7, 13, 14). The student of the Bible who hopes to secure from it the greatest help will first proceed to reconstruct the historical context of each passage. Predictions of national disgrace, rejection, and woe that were to result from apostasy would never have been realized. Furthermore, the rise of the Chaldeans and their invasion of the West is predicted, but this seemed at that time completely incredible (chapter 1:5-7). Isaiah would not have known about the events to come without Gods help. Instead of becoming light bearers to the world they absorbed its darkness and reflected that darkness instead. Several of his messages were against various foreign nations. He has a controversy with them because they have rebelled against His authority (Jeremiah 25:31-33), and He will judge (Joel 3:9-17) and destroy them there (Isaiah 34:1-8; 63:1-6; 66:15-18). God designed that Israels experience should prove to be a warning to Judah (see Hosea 1:7; 4:15-17; 11:12; Jeremiah 3:3-12; etc.). The sixteen prophetsIsaiah to Malachiwhose writings have come down to us lived during four centuries, from about 800 to 400 B.C. Nothing is known of the prophet Joel beyond the fact that he was the son of Pethuel (chapter 1:1). It is an undeniable historical fact that, to this day, the majority of these predictions have not been fulfilled. The vision concerning Judah and Jerusalem that Isaiah son of Amoz saw during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz and Hezekiah, kings 2. For instance, the prophecy of the battle of Gog and Magog in Ezekiel 38, 39 was never fulfilled to literal Israel; but John the revelator assures us that in principle, though not necessarily in all details (such as those of Ezekiel 39:9-15), this battle will occur at the close of the millennium (Revelation 20:7-9). Our study of messages originally proclaimed by holy men of old to the people of their day is not to become an end in itself, but a means of discovering the will of God for all who would render Him truehearted service now, at the climax of the ages. It is not known whether Malachi is the name of the author or simply the title of an otherwise anonymous author, since Malachi means my messenger. If it is the latter, his is the only anonymous work among the prophetic books of the Old Testament. Any nation and kingdom that would not serve Israel was to perish chapter (60:12). Ezekiel 38:16, 18-23; 39:1-7). It is thought that Isaiah and Micah lived at the same time and addressed different audiences. Church tradition suggests that Jeremiah was stoned to death in Egypt by the Jews. The only period in which the mission of Jonah to Nineveh, with its results, seems to fit is the reign of Adad-nirari III (810782). Tell them that in Isaiah 9, Jesus entire life and death is referenced. 2. His early ministry seems to have coincided with the last years of King Uzziahs reign (see Introduction to Isaiah), but his official call to the office of a prophet came in 740/39, the last year of King Uzziah (chapter 6:1). Hence, Jonah was probably the earliest of the prophets under discussion. WebJeremiah 15:1 Then the LORD said to me: "Even if Moses and Samuel should stand before Me, My heart would not go out to this people. One royal visitor to Jerusalem exclaimed, The half was not told me! (1 Kings 10:1-9). Though the prophet looked at events about him, he also could see far beyond his own day. Hence, the year 603 can be considered as the beginning of Daniels ministry as a prophet. Discover what application later inspired writers make of the prophecy, and on this basis determine its possible significance for Gods people in this time. I will call them my people, which were not my people (Romans 9:25, 26). 2 Kings 20:1-5; and of promised blessing, see Exodus 6:2-8; cf. Several prophecies followed a few months later (Zechariah 1:7 to 6:15). According to tradition, how was Isaiah killed? Isaiah Eventually, all the nations would call Jerusalem the throne of the Lord and be gathered unto it, not to walk any more after the imagination of their evil heart (Jeremiah 3:17). Acts 1:6), to appear as a liberator and conqueror, and to exalt Israel to dominion over all nations (see on Luke 4:19). The day, before, He had called it my house (chapter 21:13), but henceforth He no longer owned it as His. Nothing is impossible with God. Beholding Israels righteousness (Isaiah 62:1, 2), the Gentiles would acknowledge them, that they are the seed which the Lord hath blessed (Isaiah 61:9, 10; cf. Thus it was with Moses, of whom, to the very day of his death, it could be said that his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated (Deuteronomy 34:7). 22 quart mirro pressure canner There is no god but He. Nehemiah 13:10-12; Malachi 2:11-16; cf. There was nothing God could have done for them that He did not do, yet they failed. Although no chronological data are found in the book, certain statements permit a comparatively exact dating of Habakkuks prophecies. 5. Isaiah 2:2-4). They devised different theologies to respond to the destruction of the Temple. Any idea that the return of the Jews to their ancestral home, that is, to the new state of Israel, may in any way be related to Bible prophecy is without valid scriptural foundation. In Isaiah It is ever the privilege of those who witness the fulfillment of prophecy to remember and believe (John 13:19; 14:29; John 16:4). To pray by faith for God to fulfill His promises, we must be obedient to Gods difficult commands. Since Jothams sole reign began after the death of his father Uzziah in 740/39, the initial date for Micahs prophetic ministry should probably be placed after that date. Peter concurs, saying, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons, for in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with him (Acts 10:34, 35; cf. These were remedied by the vigorous actions of the governor. Nabopolassar 626 B.C. This prophecy must have been pronounced either before Jeroboam came to the throne (approximately 793 B.C.) They were to show forth His praise (chapter 43:21), to declare His glory among the heathen (chapter 66:19), to be a light to the Gentiles (chapters 49:6; 42:6, 7). King James Bible At the same time spake the LORD by Isaiah the son of Amoz, saying, Go and loose the sackcloth from off thy loins, and put off thy shoe from thy foot. However, it is possible that some of his undated prophecies were given at a later time. Dead sea scrolls. 2. In an age when every wind of doctrine is blowing it is well to make certain that our understanding of Bible prophecy rests upon a positive Thus saith the Lord (see Deuteronomy 29:29; Isaiah 50:11; Jeremiah 2:13; Matthew 7:24-28; 1 Corinthians 2:4, 5, 12, 13; Eph. From generation to generation these holy men of God (2 Peter 1:21) called Israel to repentance and righteousness and kept alive the Messianic hope. The Christian church is a spiritual nation scattered all over the world, and such details obviously could not apply to it in a literal sense. Did Isaiah It was last of all that God sent unto them his son, according to Christs own words (Matthew 21:37), but they caught him and slew him (verse 39). The fourth school of interpretation may, at times, arrive at a valid application of the predictive portions of Old Testament prophecy to the church today and to its future experience, but neglects the primary application of these messages to their historical setting, and proceeds, quite arbitrarily, to determine that certain selected passages were written more or less exclusively for the church today. 5. Daniel was taken to Babylon in 605 B.C., during the accession year of Nebuchadnezzar (see on chapter 1:1). Jeremiah 31 In other words, they prophesied and ministered about the same time.
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